Malo Ofera pa Everest

Ngati mumadziwa maulendo a kumapiri, mwina munamvapo za zigawo zoopsa pamapiri otchedwa malo ofera. Phiri lalitali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, Mt. Everest, pa Kukwera kwa mamita 8,848.86 (mamita 29,031.7), ilinso ndi gawo ili lotchedwa malo ofera. Ndiye, kodi malo ofera pa Phiri la Everest ndi chiyani??

Malo ofera ndi gawo linalake la Everest pamwamba pa mamita 8,000 okhala ndi mpweya wochepa kwambiri kotero kuti okwera mapiri sakulangizidwa kukhala mkati mwa malowa kwa nthawi yoposa Maola 16- 18Ndi limodzi mwa malamulo okhwima a ulendo wa Everest kuti okwera mapiri sayenera kukhala m'dera la imfa kwa nthawi yoposa nthawi yomwe yalangizidwa, kapena zitha kupha.

Kodi Muyenera Kufika ku Death Zone pa EBC Trek?

Malo ofera pa Everest ndi gawo lapadera lomwe lili pamwamba pa mtunda wa mamita 8,000. Komabe, okwera mapiri omwe anali paulendo wa Everest anayenera kugonjetsa gawo ili m'phirimo, oyenda pansi akuchita Mtsinje wa Everest Base Camp palibe chifukwa chochitira zimenezo. Komabe, ulendo wopita ku msasa wapamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse, Msasa wa Everest Base pa mamita 5,364 (mamita 17,598) Si nthabwalanso. Ulendo wotchuka wa ku Himalaya uwu umayambira ku Lukla, chipata cholowera ku Everest chomwe chili mamita 2,860 (mapazi 9,383).

Pamene mukuyenda munjira yoyenda pansi, mudzapambana malo okwera kwambiri monga Tengboche (mamita 3,860), Lobuche (Mamita 4,910), Gorakshep (Mamita 5,125) ndi malo okwera kwambiri paulendo wonse, Kalapatthar ili pamtunda wa mamita 5,645 (Mamita 18,520) kuchokera panyanja. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale kuti oyenda panyanja safunika kuthana ndi mpweya wochepa monga momwe zilili mkati mwa malo ofera pa Everest, ayenerabe kusamala. matenda akumtunda popeza kuchuluka kwa mpweya wokwanira ku Everest Base Camp kukadalipobe 50% yochepera kuposa momwe nyanja ilili.

Kodi Death Zone pa Everest ndi yoopsa bwanji?

Thupi la munthu limagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pamlingo wa nyanja, pamlingo uwu mpweya wokwanira mumlengalenga ndi wokwanira ubongo ndi mapapo athu. Komabe, pamene mukukwera pamwamba, zimakhala zovuta kuti thupi ligwire ntchito bwino. Pali chiopsezo kuti thupi la munthu lidwale matenda okwera pamwamba pa mtunda wa Mamita 2,500Motero, ndithudi, kukwera phiri lalitali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi lokhala ndi chipale chofewa pamalo okwera kwambiri okhala ndi zinthu zambiri mpweya wochepa wokwanira Kudutsa m'malo okwera si ntchito yophweka. Malo ofera pa Everest ndi chopinga chachikulu panthawi ya ulendo waukuluwu pomwe okwera mapiri amayenera kuthana ndi mavuto. mulingo wochepa wa okosijeni.

Kuchuluka kwa okosijeni mkati mwa malo ofera pa Everest kuli pa 34%, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kukhalabe ndi moyo pa phirili n'kosatheka kwa munthu wamba wokwera mapiri. Ndipotu, kusowa kwa madzi ku Everest n'koopsa kwambiri moti thupi lanu limayamba kuwonongeka ndipo thupi lanu limayamba kufa mphindi ndi mphindi ndipo selo ndi selo. Pamene ubongo ndi mapapo omwe ali mkati mwa phirilo akusowa mpweya, chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri, chimawononganso mawonekedwe ndi kuweruza. Kuphatikiza ndi kuyesetsa kwa masiku ambiri okwera mapiri komanso kuyerekezera nthawi, ulendo wa Everest ukhoza kukhala wovuta kwambiri kwa okwera mapiri opepuka omwe sangathe kukhala chete panthawi zovuta.

Kodi N’chiyani Chimachitika ku Thupi Lanu ku Malo Ofera?

 

Kupatula kuti thupi lanu limafa mphindi ndi mphindi ndipo selo ndi selo, muyeneranso kuyang'anitsitsa matenda a m'mapiri ndi kuchepa kwa mpweya m'thupi. Mukakwera pamwamba pa phiri lopitirira mamita 8,000 kuti mugonjetse malo ofera pa Everest, pali zoopsa zogwidwa ndi matenda a m'mapiri monga Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), Kutupa kwa M'mapapo Kwambiri (HAPE), ndi Kutupa kwa Mitsempha Kwambiri (HACE). Ngakhale kuti matenda ofatsa a m'mapiri sakuonedwa ngati vuto lalikulu, mukalowa m'dera la imfa, pali mwayi waukulu woti mutenge matenda owopsa a m'mapiri omwe ndi kuchipatala ndipo zitha kukhala zoopsa pa moyo.

Mofananamo, hypoxia ndi vuto lina lodetsa nkhawa lomwe limabwera chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mpweya wokwanira kwa thupi. ziwalo zofunika kwambiri za thupi lanu. Matendawa ndi oopsa kwambiri moti amatha kuwononga ubongo wanu, chiwindi, ndi ziwalo zina zofunika m'thupi lanu patangopita mphindi zochepa zizindikiro zitayamba. Ubongo wanu ukapanda kupeza mpweya wokwanira, umayamba kutupa ndipo umayambitsa matenda otchedwa High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE), Gawo lalikulu komanso lomaliza la matenda a m'mapiri.

Gawo lomaliza la matenda okwera phirili lingayambitse mutu, nseru, komanso kukhudza luso losavuta loganiza komanso kuganiza. Pa gawoli pomwe ubongo umayamba kutupa, okwera phiri amadziwikanso kuti amalowa mu delirium yomwe imaonedwa ngati mtundu wa psychosis. Anthu okwera mapiri omwe adafika pagawo lomaliza la HACE amadziwika kuti amachita zinthu zachilendo monga kulankhula ndi anzawo ongopeka, kuvula zovala zawo ngakhale kuzizira kwambiri, ndikusiya njira yodziwika ikuyendayenda.

Zoopsa Zina Zomwe Zingakhalepo M'dera la Imfa pa Everest

Anthu okwera mapiri omwe ali pafupi ndi malo oferapo ayeneranso kudziteteza ku kuwala kwa dzuwa komwe kumawala kuchokera ku ayezi ndi chipale chofewa zomwe zingawononge maso awo. Mofananamo, pamalo ozizira kwambiri pomwe kutentha nthawi zambiri kumakhala kozungulira. -18 C, pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha chisanu. Frostbite imapezeka kwambiri m'ziwalo za thupi monga zala, zala zakumapazi, mphuno, ndi makutu, m'malo ozizira kwambiri, kukhudzidwa ndi chimfine kumatha kuwononga minofu, komwe kuduladula ziwalo ndiye njira yokhayo. Kusawona bwino kwa chipale chofewa ndi vuto lina loopsa m'dera la imfa komwe okwera mapiri amakumana ndi vuto la masomphenya kwakanthawi chifukwa cha chipale chofewa chosatha komanso ayezi m'mapiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, kutopa ndi vuto lina lomwe anthu okwera mapiri amakumana nalo nthawi zonse. Ndi vuto lotopetsa kwambiri chifukwa cha kupsinjika maganizo ndi thupi kapena matenda aliwonse panthawi ya ulendowu. Mavuto onsewa ofooka komanso osawoneka bwino angayambitse kugwa mwangozi ndi kulephera kusuntha konse kuchokera pamalo awo. Ndipotu, kutopa ndi vuto loopsa kwambiri paulendo wamapiri kotero kuti ndi vuto lachiwiri lalikulu la imfa paphiri pambuyo pa matenda okwera.

Kodi Anthu Okwera M'mapiri Amakhala Nthawi Yaitali Bwanji M'dera la Imfa?

Ngati mukudziwa bwino za ulendo wa Everest, ndiye kuti mwina mwamvapo kale za ulendowu. lamulo la ola lachiwiri pa EverestAyi, si nthawi yeniyeni imene okwera mapiri amasonkhana kuti akondwerere kukwera kwawo bwino pa phiri lalitali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Lamuloli lachindunji la anthu onse okwera mapiri omwe akupita pamwamba pa phiri la Everest limasonyeza kuti akusewera nthawiyo. Ngati okwera mapiriwo akukankhira pamwamba pa phirilo mkati mwa phirilo Malo ofera pa Everest musafike pamwamba pofika 2 koloko madzulo., kenako ayenera kusiya kukwera phirilo tsiku limenelo. Zingaoneke ngati zazing'ono kuti n'chifukwa chiyani okwera phirilo ayenera kusiya chifukwa chakuti agwa pang'ono pambuyo pa 2 koloko masana pamene akuyandikira kale pamwamba pa phirilo.

Koma pali zifukwa zomwe lamuloli liyenera kulemekezedwa ndi kulemekezedwa panthawi ya ulendo wa Everest. Phiri la Everest (mamita 8,849) Kuchokera ku Cap IV (mamita 7,950) kumatenga pafupifupi Maola 7- 9Anthu okwera mapiri amalimbikira kupita pamwamba pa phiri kuyambira m'mawa kwambiri ndi madzi ochepa poganizira maola oikidwiratu oti akwere. Chifukwa chake, ngati wina aliyense mwa okwera mapiri alephera kukwera nthawi yomwe yakhazikitsidwa, pali mwayi waukulu woti atha madzi ochepa omwe ali nawo. Popeza madzi omwe okwera mapiri amatenga ndi ochepa, makamaka maola owonjezera, omwe ali mkati mwa phirilo. Malo ofera pa Everest angakhale oopsa.

Sikuti ndi zoopsa zokha kukhala m'dera la imfa pa Everest kwa maola opitilira 16-18, koma kukankhira pamwamba pa phiri pambuyo pa 2 koloko madzulo kumatanthauza kuti ulendo wobwerera udzakhala mumdima wandiweyani. Chifukwa chake, pali mwayi waukulu kuti okwera phirilo sadzatha kuyendetsa bwino chingwe chokhazikika ndipo nthawi zambiri amadziwika kuti amataya njira m'malo mofika ku Camp IV. Thupi lotopa pambuyo pa kukankhira pamwamba pa phirilo, zinthu zochepa, komanso kusawona bwino ndizomwe zimayambitsa ngozi kwambiri pankhani yokwera phirilo. Phiri la mamita 8,000 lofanana ndi Everest.

Kufunika kwa Kuzolowera Msonkhano Wabwino

Mwina mwazindikira kuti maulendo a kumapiri nthawi zambiri amakhala aatali, ngakhale kuti nthawi yokwanira yoyenda m'mapiri okwera kwambiri ingakhale pafupi. masabata awiriNthawi yoyendera msasa imakhala yokwera kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, mutha kuchita ulendo wokwera kwambiri wa msasa, ulendo wa Everest Base Camp mkati mwa nthawi yochepa chabe. 12- masiku 14, koma ulendo wopita pamwamba pa phiri womwe uli wosavuta Mamita 3,485 malo okwera kuchokera ku msasa akhoza kunyamula mpaka miyezi iwiriMalinga ndi maganizo a munthu wamba, sikungakhale kwanzeru kuthera nthawi yochuluka choncho paphiri kuti mungophunzira zambiri. mtunda woyerekeza wa mamita 3,485.

Komabe, ulendo wa mapiri womwe umakwera pamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, womwe umadziwikanso kuti 'Mzere Wachitatu'N'zovuta kwambiri. Ngati mudachitapo ulendo wokwera mapiri okwera kwambiri, ndiye kuti mukudziwa bwino njira yozolowera komwe mumapatsidwa masiku ena opumula kuti muzolowere bwino mapiri okwera. Mfundo yomweyi imagwiranso ntchito paulendo wamapiriwu pomwe okwera mapiri amayenera kuthana ndi malo ofera pa Everest. Kawirikawiri, ulendo wokwera mapiri umaphatikizapo malo oti muzolowere mapiri okwera kwambiri. Mamita 2,500 chifukwa pali chiopsezo chakuti thupi la munthu likhoza kudwala matenda okwera pamwamba pa malo okwera awa.

Munthawi iliyonse ulendo wapamwamba, ndi bwino kuti musakwere pamwamba pa phiri Mamita 500 panthawi yokwera phiri tsiku limodzi. Mofananamo, pambuyo pa kukwera phiri lililonse 1,000 mita Pa mlingo woyenera, mukulangizidwa kuti mukhale ndi tsiku lozolowera kuti thupi lanu lizolowere kukwera kwa mapiri kuti musaike thanzi lanu pachiswe. Popeza maulendo a Himalaya ku Nepal adapangidwira kufufuza pang'onopang'ono, mudzakhala ndi nthawi yokwanira yozolowera malo atsopano okwera ngakhale panthawi ya ulendo woyenda, kotero masiku ozolowera ndi ochepa.

Everest Rainbow Valley

Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, mungakhale mukuyembekezera chigwa chokongola komanso chosangalatsa chomwe chili kuseri kwa mapiri oopsa a Everest. Komabe, zoona zake n'zakuti pali mdima komanso zoopsa kwambiri, chigwa cha utawaleza ku Everest ndi gawo lomwe lili pansi pa phiri la kumpoto kwa phiri lomwe limadziwikanso kuti 'Manda a Everest'. Gawo ili lapadera lomwe lili mkati mwa malo ofera ku Everest kumpoto lili ndi mitembo ya okwera mapiri omwe anamwalira paulendo wawo woyendayenda, yomwe ili mozungulira mapiri onse. Zovala zokongola zomwe zili pa phirili mitembo ya okwera mapiri obalalika Kuzungulira phiri lonselo kumapangitsa kuti gawoli lizioneka ngati utawaleza kuchokera patali.

Popeza mitembo ya akufa siiwola pamalo okwera kwambiri ndipo imasungidwa bwino kwambiri kwa zaka zambiri, kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe afa m'derali kwangowonjezera mitundu yambiri kumanda. Majekete ofiira, abuluu, obiriwira, achikasu, ndi a lalanje ndi majekete ochepa amitundu omwe okwera mapiri amadutsa akamadutsa m'derali Kupatula mitembo, gawoli ladzaza ndi zinyalala, mahema, mabotolo a okosijeni, ndi zitini kwa zaka zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti liwoneke ngati gawo lokongola pamapiri odzaza ndi chipale chofewa. Anthu okwera mapiri omwe amadutsa m'derali akuyenda patsogolo amanjenjemera ndi zomwe amawona m'chigwa cha utawaleza cha Everest ndipo amamvetsetsa momwe mapiri a phirili lalikulu angakhalire oopsa komanso osakhululuka.

Werengani izi zotsatirazi:

• Everest Short Trek
• Nsapato Zobiriwira za Everest
• Everest Mountain Flight

N’chifukwa chiyani mitembo ya anthu akufa ku Mount Everest sinagwetsedwe?

Poganizira kuchuluka kwa mitembo yomwe ili m'mapiri a phiri, makamaka m'dera la imfa ku Everest, n'zachibadwa kufuna kudziwa chifukwa chake mitemboyi sinagwetsedwe. Ngati mitemboyo itagwetsedwera pamodzi ndi zinyalala zomwe okwera phirilo anasiya, zikanatsegula malo otsetsereka ndipo miyoyo yosaukayo ikagona. Komabe, kutenga mitemboyo m'mapiri a phirilo si ntchito yosavuta kapena yotsika mtengo, ntchitoyo imakhala yovuta kwambiri ngati mtemboyo uli mkati mwa dera la imfa yoopsa ku Everest. Palibe malo oyenera oti munthu ayende pamwamba pake. Msasa Wachiwiri (mamita 6,400) pa Everest kuti helikopita ifike, kotero ntchito yopezera ndege pamwamba pa malo awa iyenera kuchitidwa ndi manja.

Mwina munamvapo nkhani zokhudza okwera mapiri omwe sanathe kusuntha ndipo anasiyidwa, ndi lamulo losanenedwa panthawi ya ulendo wa Everest. 'Munthu aliyense payekha'. Ndi chisankho cholondola kwambiri ndipo aliyense wokwera phirili amadziwa zimenezo. Malo otsetsereka pamwamba pa phiri lalitali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndi oopsa ndipo ngati muyesa kutenga udindo kwa wokwera phiri amene sangathe kuyenda bwino, akhoza kuyika moyo wanu pachiswe. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale mutakumana ndi okwera mapiri omwe sangathe kuyenda pamwamba pa phiri, ambiri okwera phirili amawasiya ndikupitiriza ndi kukula kwawo.

Choncho, kuchotsa mitembo m'malo otsetsereka otere si ntchito yophweka ndipo imafuna gulu la akatswiri omwe angachite bwino ntchitoyi popanda kuyika miyoyo ya aliyense pachiwopsezo. Kawirikawiri, mtengo wopezera mitembo kuchokera ku phiri umayambira pa US $ 70,000 ndipo amatha kufika pamlingo wapamwamba kutengera komwe mitembo ili. Palibe chitsimikizo chakuti gululo lidzatha kutenga mtembowo bwino chifukwa zimafunika nthawi yambiri kuti lifufuze ndipo nthawi zambiri mitemboyo imakhala itaphimbidwa kale ndi chipale chofewa chakuya. Kale, pakhala nthawi zina pomwe gulu lofufuza ndi kupeza mitembo silinathe kupeza mitemboyo.

Kodi chifukwa chachikulu cha imfa ku Death Zone pa Everest ndi chiyani?

Kuyambira mu 1922 mpaka nyengo yokwera mapiri ya masika ya 2023, chiwerengero chonse cha Anthu 318 okwera mapiri afa pamene akuyesera kukwera phiri lalitali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Mwa anthu 318 omwe anamwalira, 193 anali okwera mapiri pomwe 125 anali mamembala otsogolera gulu loyendetsa ndege. Malinga ndi deta ya Himalayan Database, chiŵerengero cha imfa m'mapiri a Everest pafupifupi Okwera 6.2 pachaka. Pakati pa imfa zonse za pa Everest, kuphulika kwa zigumula ndi kugwa kuchokera panjira yokwera phiri kwapha anthu oposa Miyoyo ya anthu opitilira 70 pa mapiri a phiri. Kutopa ndi matenda a m'mapiri akutenga malo achitatu ndi achinayi ndipo anthu opitilira 30 afa.

Mofananamo, kukhudzidwa ndi nyengo yokwera kwambiri kwaphanso miyoyo ya anthu opitilira 25, ndipo imfa zina zimagwirizana ndi matenda omwe si a AMS. Ngakhale kuti chiwerengero cha imfa zonse pa ulendo wa Everest chili pa 1% ndi 4% Pa kuyesa kopambana komwe kuli kotsika poyerekeza ndi mapiri ena ovuta, sizikutanthauza kuti kukwera kumeneku kufika pamwamba pa dziko lapansi sikuli kovuta kwambiri. Nyengo ndi momwe zinthu zilili m'mapiri a Everest sizingadziwike, sizitenga nthawi kuti zinthu zisinthe kuchoka pakuwoneka zoipa. Pa imfa zonse zomwe zachitika pa Everest, chiwerengero chachikulu cha imfa zomwe zachitika paphirili chakhala mkati mwa malo ofera.

Kodi mpweya wanu ungachepe bwanji musanamwalire?

Ponena za kuthana ndi malo ofera pa Everest, ili ndi limodzi mwa mafunso omwe afufuzidwa kwambiri. Mwachidule, thupi la munthu limagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pamene mpweya wokwanira m'thupi uli pamwamba pa mpweya. 90%Kugwira ntchito kwa thupi sikumalephereka ngakhale mpweya utachepa 85%, pamene mukukwera pamwamba, mpweya wokwanira umakhalabe wozungulira 85% - 86% zomwe zikadali zachilendo kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino. Koma mpweya wokwanira m'thupi lanu ukayamba kutsika pang'ono, vutoli likhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Ngati mpweya wanu wa okosijeni watsika pansi 55%, ndiye kuti pali mwayi waukulu kuti izi zingayambitse kukomoka kapena kufa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake paulendo wautali komanso maulendo, mpweya wanu nthawi zambiri umayesedwa kuti udziwe momwe zinthu zilili bwino ndi kukwera kwa phiri.

Mukhozanso ndimakonda:

• Everest View Trek
• Ulendo wa Everest Gokyo Ri
• Everest Cho La Pass Trek

Kutsiliza

Malo ofera anthu kudera la Everest awonedwa kuti ndi oopsa kwa anthu okwera mapiri padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mpweya ndi mavuto omwe munthu amakumana nawo atadutsa mamita 8000 pamwamba pa nyanja. Munthu amafunika kuphunzitsidwa mokwanira kuti amalize ulendo wake wokwera phiri. Anthu ambiri omwe anamwalira kudera la Everest, mpaka pano, apezeka pamwamba pa malo ofera anthu omwe adamwalira, zomwe ndi chifukwa chake dzina lake ladziwika. Munthu wokwera mapiri amene akufuna kupita patsogolo pa mamita 8000 ayenera kukumbukira kuti kukhala m'mapiri kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa thupi komanso imfa!